Kilwa Kiswani translates literally as "Kilwa on the Island". A UNESCO World Heritage site, the island lies across a 2km wide channel from Kilwa Masoko, the main town, and is accessible by dhow from the mainland. The island is famous for its historical ruins, in remarkably good condition and dating back to as early as the 9th century.
The earliest significant occupation of Kilwa Kisiwani was around AD 800 but it was not until about 300 years later that the Kilwa became a major trade center at 1100 AD. The prosperity lasted into the early 1500s. The site was important for the Shirazi dynasty of the 11th and 12th centuries AD. When Ali al-Hasan was ruling a Great Mosque was built, and also during this time, numerous trading routes to southern Africa and the East were established.
Kilwa Kisiwani was one of the principal ports of trade on the Indian Ocean, trading gold, ivory, iron and coconuts from southern Africa were exchanged for fine cloths and jewelry from India, and porcelain from China. Gold coins were minted at Kilwa Kisiwani, presumably for the growing international trade. A coin was found at the Mwene Mutabe site at Great Zimbabwe.
The ruins on Kilwa Kiswani include Gereza Fort, built by the Omani Arabs in the 14th century, the Great Mosque dating back to the 12th century, and many many more. Gereza Fort is possibly the most famous but there are many other examples of fine ancient architecture, some of which are very well-preserved and all of which are worth a visit.
For more information on visiting Kilwa Kiswani, Gereza Fort and the ruins, contact us.
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